Procedures for the practical part

Dressing change on a wound healing by primary intention (aseptic) using a no-touch technique — one of the most common procedures in the practical part.

Subcutaneous administration of insulin or low-molecular-weight heparin — including checking against the 6 rights (6-R-Regel) and safe handling of the needle.

Sterile insertion of a transurethral indwelling urinary catheter in a woman — indication, aseptic technique and closed drainage system.

Sterile suctioning as needed with a tracheostomy tube in place, with limits on suction pressure and time — an airway emergency skill that carries a lot of weight in the exam.

Measuring blood glucose from the fingertip, interpreting it correctly and acting on it — short, but asked in almost every exam situation involving diabetes.

Safely preparing, administering and documenting oral medication — the 6 rights (6-R-Regel) as a checking framework and the most common sources of error.

Correctly measuring blood pressure, pulse, respiration, oxygen saturation, temperature and level of consciousness — and above all assessing and passing them on correctly.

The single most important measure against transmission — when, for how long and with which technique, and when hand washing is needed as well.

Checking whether stockings may be put on at all, measuring correctly, putting them on without folds and checking the skin.

Safe, resource-oriented transfer — with attention to circulation, the affected side, fall risk and your own back.

Giving tube feeding safely: positioning, checking the tube's position, flushing, giving medication and caring for the insertion site.

Observing the drainage fluid, securing suction and position, caring for the exit site and recognising warning signs of secondary bleeding.

Intramuscular injection into the gluteus medius using the Hochstetter method — safe localisation, knowing the contraindications and observing the person afterwards.

Preparing an infusion aseptically, connecting it free of air, setting the drip rate and monitoring the person while it runs — including changing bottles and administration sets.

Checking the peripheral venous catheter daily for indication and complications, changing the dressing aseptically and removing the catheter safely.

Giving oxygen according to the order and target saturation, choosing the right system, monitoring the person and controlling the fire risk — a core procedure in COPD and pneumonia.

Mouth care for people who cannot do it themselves — with inspection, denture care and targeted prevention of thrush (Soor) and parotitis, especially when nil by mouth, tube-fed or with swallowing disorders.

Activating full-body wash of a bedridden person — with skin observation from head to toe, protection of privacy and clean separation of the genital area from the rest of the body.

Relieving pressure rather than just repositioning: assessing risk, drawing up an individual movement plan, performing the 30° side position and micro-positioning correctly, floating the heels and using aids in a targeted way.

Dressing change at the PEG insertion site, mobilising the tube according to the hospital standard and safely giving tube feeding and medication — with the warning signs of dislocation.

Suctioning secretions from the mouth and throat or via the nose in people who cannot cough them up adequately — with limited suction pressure, a time limit and attention to aspiration and circulation.

Recording a resting ECG with twelve leads: preparing the patient, placing limb and chest electrodes correctly, avoiding artefacts and passing on the result immediately.